{"id":12,"date":"2026-03-03T00:01:02","date_gmt":"2026-03-02T22:01:02","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.ajdnik.fr\/exploralyon\/?p=12"},"modified":"2026-04-04T09:38:07","modified_gmt":"2026-04-04T07:38:07","slug":"3-mars-1769-naissance-de-laurent-mourguet-le-papa-de-guignol","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.exploralyon.fr\/?p=12","title":{"rendered":"3 mars 1769: Naissance de Laurent Mourguet, papa\u00a0de Guignol"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Laurent Mourguet<\/strong> na\u00eet \u00e0 Lyon le 3 mars 1769 dans une famille de canuts (ouvriers de la soie). Il commence par exercer lui aussi cette activit\u00e9 mais le ch\u00f4mage qui s&rsquo;abat sur la ville apr\u00e8s la R\u00e9volution l&rsquo;oblige \u00e0 se reconvertir en marchand, en forain puis en&#8230; <strong>arracheur de dents<\/strong> !<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Pour attirer la client\u00e8le, il pr\u00e9sente des spectacles de marionnettes \u00e0 la mode telles que Arlequin et Polichinelle.\u00a0 Il cr\u00e9e entre 1804 et 1808 son premier personnage: <strong>Gnafron<\/strong>, regrolleur (cordonnier) grand amateur de Beaujolais, d&rsquo;o\u00f9 son imposant nez rouge.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Vers 1808 appara\u00eet <strong>Guignol<\/strong>, auquel il pr\u00eate ses traits et son accent. En s&rsquo;inspirant de l&rsquo;actualit\u00e9, il se fait le d\u00e9fenseur inconditionnel des petites gens qu&rsquo;il d\u00e9fend contre les puissants: le juge, le gendarme, le propri\u00e9taire&#8230; Nous sommes alors loin des spectacles pour enfants d&rsquo;aujourd&rsquo;hui.<\/p>\n<div style=\"width: 458px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" \" title=\"Guignol\" src=\"http:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/e\/e9\/Guignol_in_Lyon_1.jpg\/560px-Guignol_in_Lyon_1.jpg\" alt=\"Guignol\" width=\"448\" height=\"384\" \/><p class=\"wp-caption-text\">Guignol<\/p><\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><!--more--><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Plusieurs personnages hauts en couleurs viendront par la suite compl\u00e9ter l&rsquo;univers de Guignol: <strong>Madelon<\/strong>, son \u00e9pouse; <strong>Toinon<\/strong>, l&rsquo;\u00e9pouse de Gnafron; le <strong>Gendarme<\/strong>; <strong>Canezou<\/strong>, le propri\u00e9taire; le <strong>Bailli <\/strong>(juge); madame <strong> Quiquenet<\/strong>, la Concierge&#8230;<\/p>\n<p>Depuis 1912, un buste de Laurent Mourguet surmontant Guignol, Gnafron et Madelon, est install\u00e9 \u00e0 proximit\u00e9 du M\u00e9tro Vieux-Lyon (<a href=\"http:\/\/maps.google.com\/maps?q=45.759594,4.826441&amp;num=1&amp;sll=45.7601,4.826596&amp;sspn=0.006295,0.006295&amp;ie=UTF8&amp;ll=45.759511,4.826463&amp;spn=0.002691,0.004823&amp;t=h&amp;z=18\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">vue satellite<\/a>).<\/p>\n<p>Pour le plaisir de l&rsquo;accent et du phras\u00e9 lyonnais ainsi que pour celui de l&rsquo;incontournable coup de b\u00e2ton, voici un petit extrait vid\u00e9o intitul\u00e9 \u00ab\u00a0Guignol et Gnafron contre le pollueur du lac\u00a0\u00bb :<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><object type=\"application\/x-shockwave-flash\" data=\"http:\/\/www.youtube.com\/v\/awTr5LrKBgI\" width=\"425\" height=\"350\"><param name=\"movie\" value=\"http:\/\/www.youtube.com\/v\/awTr5LrKBgI\" \/><param name=\"autostart\" value=\"true\" \/><param name=\"wmode\" value=\"transparent\" \/><\/object><br \/>\n<!-- generated by WordPress plugin Embedded Video -->\n<\/p>\n<p>Anecdotes:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Plusieurs hypoth\u00e8ses s&rsquo;affrontent quant aux origines de son nom: d\u00e9formation de \u00ab\u00a0guigner de l&rsquo;oeil\u00a0\u00bb (regarder en coin) car il surveillait en permanence l&rsquo;arriv\u00e9e du Gendarme; hommage \u00e0 Jean Chignol, contemporain ayant toujours le mot pour rire; r\u00e9f\u00e9rence \u00e0 la \u00ab\u00a0guigne\u00a0\u00bb (malchance) dont il se plaignait souvent; clin d&rsquo;oeil \u00e0 une marionnette italienne baptis\u00e9e Chignolo; r\u00e9cup\u00e9ration de l&rsquo;expression ancienne \u00ab\u00a0guignolant\u00a0\u00bb qui signifiait \u00ab\u00a0tr\u00e8s dr\u00f4le\u00a0\u00bb; allusion \u00e0 la pi\u00e8ce de Dorvigny \u00ab\u00a0Nitouche et Guignolet\u00a0\u00bb (7 janvier 1802)&#8230;<\/li>\n<li>Le catogan, noeud utilis\u00e9 pour attacher les cheveux, \u00e9vitait qu&rsquo;ils ne se prennent dans les fils du marionnettiste.<\/li>\n<li>Gnafron est inspir\u00e9 du p\u00e8re Thomas, un des assistants de Laurent Mourguet.<\/li>\n<li>La date de naissance grav\u00e9e \u00e0 l&rsquo;origine sur le buste comm\u00e9moratif \u00e9tant fausse (1760), le 9 a \u00e9t\u00e9 retravaill\u00e9, ce qui explique son d\u00e9calage par rapport aux autres chiffres.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Laurent Ajdnik<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div id=\"_mcePaste\" style=\"position: absolute; left: -10000px; top: 0px; width: 1px; height: 1px; overflow: hidden;\">http:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/e\/e9\/Guignol_in_Lyon_1.jpg\/120px-Guignol_in_Lyon_1.jpg<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Laurent Mourguet na\u00eet \u00e0 Lyon le 3 mars 1769 dans une famille de canuts (ouvriers de la soie). Il commence par exercer lui aussi cette activit\u00e9 mais le ch\u00f4mage qui s&rsquo;abat sur la ville apr\u00e8s la R\u00e9volution l&rsquo;oblige \u00e0 se &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.exploralyon.fr\/?p=12\">Continuer la lecture <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":true,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[47,4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-12","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-inventions","category-personnages"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/pPzUa-c","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.exploralyon.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.exploralyon.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.exploralyon.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.exploralyon.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.exploralyon.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=12"}],"version-history":[{"count":43,"href":"https:\/\/www.exploralyon.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1194,"href":"https:\/\/www.exploralyon.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12\/revisions\/1194"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.exploralyon.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=12"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.exploralyon.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=12"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.exploralyon.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=12"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}