{"id":548,"date":"2023-07-15T00:01:44","date_gmt":"2023-07-14T22:01:44","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.exploralyon.fr\/?p=548"},"modified":"2025-05-13T21:32:12","modified_gmt":"2025-05-13T19:32:12","slug":"15-juillet-1783-le-pyroscaphe-premier-bateau-a-vapeur","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.exploralyon.fr\/?p=548","title":{"rendered":"15 juillet 1783: Le Pyroscaphe, premier bateau \u00e0 vapeur"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">On trouve mention de \u00ab\u00a0roues \u00e0 aubes\u00a0\u00bb pour propulser un bateau d\u00e8s le 4\u00e8me\/5\u00e8me si\u00e8cle dans le <em>De rebus bellicis<\/em>, un trait\u00e9 de guerre romain, avec l&rsquo;intention de les faire animer par des b\u0153ufs:<\/p>\n<div style=\"width: 410px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" \" title=\"De rebus bellicis\" alt=\"De rebus bellicis\" src=\"http:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/c\/c0\/De_Rebus_Bellicis%2C_XVth_Century_Miniature.JPG\/800px-De_Rebus_Bellicis%2C_XVth_Century_Miniature.JPG\" width=\"400\" height=\"268\" \/><p class=\"wp-caption-text\">De rebus bellicis<\/p><\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><!--more-->L&rsquo;id\u00e9e refait surface \u00e0 plusieurs reprises du 14\u00e8me si\u00e8cle au 18\u00e8me si\u00e8cle. Par exemple, dans le <em>Codex Latinus Monacensis<\/em>:<\/p>\n<div style=\"width: 410px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"  \" title=\"Codex Latinus Monacensis\" alt=\"Codex Latinus Monacensis\" src=\"http:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/7\/75\/Anonymous_of_the_Hussite_Wars._Clm_197%2C_Part_1%2C_Folio_17v_Supra.jpg\/800px-Anonymous_of_the_Hussite_Wars._Clm_197%2C_Part_1%2C_Folio_17v_Supra.jpg\" width=\"400\" height=\"223\" \/><p class=\"wp-caption-text\">Codex Latinus Monacensis<\/p><\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">L&rsquo;apparition de la machine \u00e0 vapeur au 17\u00e8me si\u00e8cle et son perfectionnement tout au long du 18\u00e8me ouvrent de nouvelles perspectives. C&rsquo;est au marquis Claude Fran\u00e7ois Doroth\u00e9e Jouffroy d&rsquo;Abbans (1751-1832) qu&rsquo;on doit le premier bateau \u00e0 vapeur.<\/p>\n<div style=\"width: 460px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" \" title=\"Claude Fran\u00e7ois Doroth\u00e9e Jouffroy d'Abbans \u00e0 Besan\u00e7on\" alt=\"Claude Fran\u00e7ois Doroth\u00e9e Jouffroy d'Abbans \u00e0 Besan\u00e7on\" src=\"http:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/8\/87\/Claude_Fran%C3%A7ois_Jouffroy_d%27Abbans.JPG\/450px-Claude_Fran%C3%A7ois_Jouffroy_d%27Abbans.JPG\" width=\"450\" height=\"600\" \/><p class=\"wp-caption-text\">Claude Fran\u00e7ois Doroth\u00e9e Jouffroy d&rsquo;Abbans \u00e0 Besan\u00e7on<\/p><\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ses premiers essais ont lieu sur le Bassin de Gond\u00e9 (Doubs) en 1776, avec <em>Le Palmip\u00e8de<\/em>, mais celui-ci est trop peu puissant pour \u00eatre exploit\u00e9 sur une rivi\u00e8re. Il poursuit ses travaux sur Lyon \u00e0 partir de 1781.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>L<\/strong><strong>e 15 juillet 1783, <em>Le Pyroscaphe<\/em> propulse ses 46 m\u00e8tres de long et ses 150 tonnes sur la Sa\u00f4ne, entre la cath\u00e9drale Saint-Jean et l&rsquo;Ile-Barbe, en 15 minutes<\/strong>, sous les vivats de la foule.<\/p>\n<div style=\"width: 450px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" \" title=\"Maquette du Pyroscaphe\" alt=\"Maquette du Pyroscaphe\" src=\"http:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/2\/27\/D%27AbbansSteamshipModel.jpg\/800px-D%27AbbansSteamshipModel.jpg\" width=\"440\" height=\"157\" \/><p class=\"wp-caption-text\">Maquette du Pyroscaphe (1)<\/p><\/div>\n<div style=\"width: 460px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" \" title=\"Parcours du Pyroscaphe\" alt=\"Parcours du Pyroscaphe\" src=\"http:\/\/maps.google.com\/maps\/api\/staticmap?center=45.77910,4.83000&amp;markers=|label:1|45.76037,4.82815&amp;markers=|label:2|45.79776,4.83285&amp;sensor=false&amp;maptype=roadtype&amp;size=450x600&amp;zoom=13\" width=\"450\" height=\"600\" \/><p class=\"wp-caption-text\">Parcours du Pyroscaphe<\/p><\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Subissant les jalousies de la capitale, sa demande de brevet sera refus\u00e9e par l&rsquo;Acad\u00e9mie des Sciences et il ne recevra jamais la gloire qu&rsquo;il m\u00e9ritait. Son invention r\u00e9volutionnera pourtant les transports jusqu&rsquo;\u00e0 l&rsquo;av\u00e8nement du chemin de fer \u00e0 partir de 1840.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Anecdotes<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">C&rsquo;est lors d&rsquo;un s\u00e9jour en prison \u00e0 Cannes suite \u00e0 un duel amoureux que Jouffroy d&rsquo;Abbans aurait eu son id\u00e9e, en regardant passer les bateaux depuis la fen\u00eatre de sa cellule.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Les fameux bateaux sillonnant le Mississippi sont donc des descendants de cette invention lyonnaise.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">L&rsquo;Histoire a surtout retenu le nom de Robert Fulton, mais lui-m\u00eame a d\u00e9clar\u00e9: \u00ab\u00a0<em>Si la gloire ne devait revenir qu&rsquo;\u00e0 un seul homme, elle reviendrait \u00e0 l&rsquo;auteur des exp\u00e9riences men\u00e9es sur la Sa\u00f4ne \u00e0 Lyon en 1783<\/em>\u00ab\u00a0.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Une autre invention navale a vu le jour \u00e0 Lyon: les Bateaux-Mouches, ainsi nomm\u00e9s car ils furent construits pour la premi\u00e8re fois en 1860 pr\u00e8s de Gerland, dans le quartier de&#8230; La Mouche !<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Une plaque comm\u00e9morative derri\u00e8re la Cath\u00e9drale Saint-Jean rappelle le point de d\u00e9part du premier voyage du Pyroscaphe:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div style=\"width: 460px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" \" title=\"Plaque comm\u00e9morative du Pyroscaphe\" alt=\"Plaque comm\u00e9morative du Pyroscaphe\" src=\"http:\/\/maps.google.com\/maps\/api\/staticmap?center=45.76037,4.82815&amp;markers=||45.76037,4.82815&amp;sensor=false&amp;maptype=hybrid&amp;size=450x300&amp;zoom=17\" width=\"450\" height=\"300\" \/><p class=\"wp-caption-text\">Plaque comm\u00e9morative du Pyroscaphe<\/p><\/div>\n<p><strong>Licences<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">(1) voir <a href=\"http:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fichier:D%27AbbansSteamshipModel.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">ici<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Laurent Ajdnik<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>On trouve mention de \u00ab\u00a0roues \u00e0 aubes\u00a0\u00bb pour propulser un bateau d\u00e8s le 4\u00e8me\/5\u00e8me si\u00e8cle dans le De rebus bellicis, un trait\u00e9 de guerre romain, avec l&rsquo;intention de les faire animer par des b\u0153ufs:<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[5,47,4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-548","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-evenements","category-inventions","category-personnages"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/pPzUa-8Q","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.exploralyon.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/548","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.exploralyon.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.exploralyon.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.exploralyon.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.exploralyon.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=548"}],"version-history":[{"count":29,"href":"https:\/\/www.exploralyon.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/548\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1211,"href":"https:\/\/www.exploralyon.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/548\/revisions\/1211"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.exploralyon.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=548"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.exploralyon.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=548"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.exploralyon.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=548"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}